{"id":378,"date":"2021-12-24T04:55:08","date_gmt":"2021-12-24T04:55:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/?page_id=378"},"modified":"2026-04-28T00:39:09","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T22:39:09","slug":"flat-glass-tempering","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/flat-glass-tempering\/","title":{"rendered":"Flat Glass Tempering"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">PROFITABILITY + SUSTAINABILITY + ENERGY SAVING IN ONE PACKAGE<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Kuva1.png\" width=\"809\" height=\"555\" \/><\/p>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">WASTE TIME<\/span> \u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Tempering and cooling time is always the same with the same thickness of glass! Note different scale in the graphs.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Profit comes from = heating time &#8211; (tempering + cooling) time. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u00a0 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kuva-9-4.png\" width=\"911\" height=\"335\" \/><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><em><strong>&#8221;THE MOST EFFECTIVE NOZZLE BOX&#8221;<\/strong><\/em><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>I discovered<strong style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;\"> 2021 the secret of CONVAIR in 2021 <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">HEAT TRANSFER PLATE <\/span><\/strong><\/strong><strong><strong style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;\">but forgot importance of <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">RADIATION PANEL\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><strong>The <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">HEATING WIRES<\/span> cannot stand thermal shocks when cold glasses enter the furnace.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/NOZZLE-BOX-2.png\" width=\"508\" height=\"287\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Heating wires heat the RADIATION PANEL and the HEAT TRANSFER PLATE to a high temperature.\u00a0 <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The RADIATION PANEL is near the glass.\u00a0 Therefore, it radiates strong.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The radiation panel is thin.\u00a0 It heats fast. Therefore, radiation heating is more time effective.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-style: normal; font-size: 16px;\">NOZZLE BLOCKS protect heating wires and not cooling heating wires.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">RADIATION PLATES are removable. Heaters wires change is easy.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 40px;\"><em style=\"font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: bold;\">&#8221;THE ADDITIONAL HEATERS&#8221;<\/em><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>THE ADDITIONAL HEATERS allows\u00a0 = <em>&#8221;unlimited&#8221;<\/em> heating speed = profit. The condition is, that glass thicknesses\u00a0 should be &lt;= 10 mm. Then tempering is not breaking thicker glasses. And not breaking thick glasses in furnace. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">The heating time depends on the only how high temperature convection air can be heated.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">You can make build furnaces as long as you like.\u00a0 Continuing furnaces can be even<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> more than<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> 60 % shorter t<\/span>han<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">radiation heating furnaces.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kuva2.png\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Why heating speed is\u00a0<em>\u201dunlimited\u201d?\u00a0 Formula of heating speed = capacity =<\/em> h x A x (T<sub>SM \u2013\u00a0<\/sub>T<sub>CA<\/sub>).\u00a0 <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Where h = same for everyone, (heat transfer coefficient from sheet metal to convection air).\u00a0 <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">A = \u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">convection area (m\u00b2)\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">T<sub>SM\u00a0 <\/sub>= temperature of sheet metal to which heats the convection air and <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">T<sub>CA <\/sub> = convection air temperature.\u00a0 It works also to the glass, with effective convection.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 1.1em;\"><em style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 19.2px; text-align: center;\">&#8221;The additional heaters&#8221;\u00a0 costs only fraction of tempering machine price.\u00a0 Otherwise you should buy 2 tempering furnaces!&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 1.2em;\">CONVECTION UNIT ADVANTAGES<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>The thermocouples are more accurate and respond faster when they are in return air flow.<\/li>\n<li>Convection jets heat glass even between the convection units.<\/li>\n<li>Convection pressure is in the convection units which is a closed box.\u00a0 No leakage of hot convection air, no energy waste.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The additional heaters are changed through the side walls and insulation. <\/span><\/li>\n<li>Pressurized convection air in GLASTON FC-series E type and Land Glass furnaces in nozzle boxes or pressure boxes. In those furnaces it is difficult. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">In FERACITAS it is easy.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> No sealing problems. No energy losses.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Maximum radiation can be obtained by if nozzle boxes are installed in 90 degrees angle to the glass travel direction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: bold;\">HEATING CONTROL<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Automatic sending to the tempering section is possible following the principle described under the graph.\u00a0 This is especially the heating process is based on the following of the furnace temperature of rather than than heating time (seconds).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/MATRIX.png\" width=\"628\" height=\"497\" \/><\/p>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>TECHNICAL DATA<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Energy consumption is hard to measure in (kWh\/<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">m\u00b2).\u00a0 This is why it is used as the sales argument for tempering furnace sales.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li>High convection power, over 10 kW\/<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">m\u00b2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> means energy consumption of 0,15\u00a0 &#8211; 0,2 kWh\/m\u00b2, too.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">High heating power does not increase energy consumption. It saves energy consumption.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kuva1-2.png\" width=\"623\" height=\"390\" \/><\/p>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>HISTORY OF GLASS HEATING from CONVAIR in 1996 to FERACITAS INVENTIONS in 2026<\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kuva1-3.png\" width=\"698\" height=\"402\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CONVAIR was built in 1996, according the best radiation heating furnaces. Read Linked article\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/glass-tempering-control-systems-risto-nikander-nrsyf\/\">https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/glass-tempering-control-systems-risto-nikander-nrsyf\/<\/a> . It was supposed to be <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">convection + radiation heating process.\u00a0<\/span> <\/strong>It had high capacity, clear 5 mm glass 26 loads\/hour and triple silver glass 22 loads\/hour.\u00a0\u00a0It started immediately with no problems. Patent for CONVAIR was US 6470711B1 was wrong claimed!\u00a0 Convection power was 5 kW\/m\u00b2 and heating power 80 kW\/m\u00b2.\u00a0 It had invented in 2021 <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">CONVAIR no radiation<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> but capacity was so high as mentioned. It was revealed that convection heating has 60% higher capacity than radiation heating.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li>GLASSROBOTS built RoboTemp.\u00a0 It was basically copy of CONVAIR in 2003.\u00a0 GLASSROBOTS was tried to heating speed increase convection power to 10 kW\/m\u00b2. \u00a0The capacity remained the same. Patent document US7448232B2.<\/li>\n<li>In 2010 GLASTON tried to increase heating speed convection power to 13 kW\/m\u00b2 and heating power to almost 100 kW\/m\u00b2.\u00a0 The capacity was reduced 30%.\u00a0\u00a0Clear glass capacity was 20 loads\/hour, triple silver (E 0,02)\u00a0 capacity was 16 loads\/hour.\u00a0 GLASTON informed energy consumption 5 mm glass clear glass,\u00a0 3,0 kWh\/m\u00b2 and triple silver glass (E 0,02) 3,3\u00a0 kWh\/m\u00b2.\u00a0 It was really at least 3,8 kWh\/m\u00b2 and 4,2 kWh kWh\/m\u00b2.\u00a0 \u00a0Maybe 0,15 &#8211; to 0,2 kWh\/m\u00b2 higher, because convection power is not included in total energy consumption!<\/li>\n<li>In January 2021,\u00a0 Risto Nikander invented that that it has <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>not radiation<\/strong> <\/span>but convection capacity was <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">60% higher than radiation!<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\"> I applied patent.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li>I informed ex CEO that GLASTON patent US8618442B2 eliminated convection heating and radiation. Nothing happened.<\/li>\n<li>When Finnish patent expired in January 2022 GLASTON could use it in convection furnaces.<\/li>\n<li>There is still &#8221;radion panel&#8221;.\u00a0 See <em>&#8221;THE MOST EFFECTIVE NOZZLE BOX&#8221; <\/em>and<\/li>\n<li><em>&#8221;THE ADDITIONAL HEATERS&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; text-align: center;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/TGL-grahp.png\" width=\"755\" height=\"367\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It took almost 25 years to recover CONVAIR secret and 27 years to have <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">radiation + convection<\/span> put together! <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><strong>CHEAPER CONVAIR I, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">box construction\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/BOX-CONSTRUCTION.png\" width=\"744\" height=\"318\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>CHEAPER CONVAIR II, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">bottom convection<\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/BOTTOM-CONVECTION.png\" width=\"764\" height=\"287\" \/><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h6>CONCLUSION<\/h6>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">It is very hard to invent simplest and the best working solutions.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">In reality, <\/span><\/span>90 &#8211; 99% of technology exist.\u00a0 Simple 1 &#8211; 10% inventions can make wonders.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PROFITABILITY + SUSTAINABILITY + ENERGY SAVING IN ONE PACKAGE WASTE TIME \u00a0\u00a0 Tempering and cooling time is always the same with the same thickness of glass! Note different scale in the graphs. Profit comes from = heating time &#8211; (tempering + cooling) time. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8221;THE MOST EFFECTIVE NOZZLE BOX&#8221;\u00a0 \u00a0 I discovered 2021 the secret &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/flat-glass-tempering\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Flat Glass Tempering<\/span> Lue lis\u00e4\u00e4 &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-378","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=378"}],"version-history":[{"count":429,"href":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1449,"href":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/378\/revisions\/1449"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feracitas.fi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}